It aligns with the IBC by requiring the handrail to extend only one tread depth at the bottom of the stair. If so, what are the rules, etc? Maximum riser height shall be 8 1/4 inches. Generally, the stair tread should be 11 inches minimum, the riser height is specified between 4 and 7 inches, and the width should be at least 48 inches, excluding handrails. The maximum of 18 risers in a flight. Most commercial buildings will also require the ramp design guidelines. Staircase riser height translates to the distance you move your foot either up or down from one step to an adjacent step. Stair riser heights The riser height shall be measured vertically between the leading edges of adjacent treads. The riser height shall be measured vertically between the leading edges of adjacent treads. The maximum pitch for the elderly people, young children, and people with mobility impairments is recommended at between 33 degrees and 35 degrees. Have you ever heard of this? IBC regulations for stairs govern more than tread, riser and stair width dimensions and the maximum allowed variation between given tread, riser and stair widths elements. 125. I understand we are exempt from building regulations but there must be some standards which need to be complied with? Commercial Stair Design – Guidelines, Criteria and Dimensions. 590. I also have a Ph.D. in English and have written more than 4,000 articles for regional and national publications. There are already several set of fire stairs in the building which provide adequate egress. The maximum riser height shall be 8 inches. You need at least 80″ of head height measured off the tread nosings and it needs to be maintained for one additional riser depth at the bottom of the stairs. Stair riser heights shall be 7 inches (178 mm) maximum and 4 inches (102 mm) minimum. 240. The Australian Standard contains detailed advice on steps, stairs, landings, guard rails and so on: Rises and goings: All rises (R) and all goings (G), in the same flight of stairs, shall be of uniform dimensions within a tolerance of +/-5mm; For each rise: minimum 130mm, maximum 225mm; For each going: minimum 215mm, maximum 355mm The riser height must be between 4″ and 7″ and the treads must be at least 11″ deep. The minimum tread depth is 11 inches. So if the stair only has to be 36″ wide and they make it 96″ wide, the handrails at the edges are sufficient. The greatest riser height within any flight of stairs shall not exceed the smallest by more than 3/8 inch. The riser requirements for the OSHA, IBC and IBC-related Los Angeles Building Department regulations have minimums and maximums that conflict with the requirements in the other two. Among important OSHA contributions to safe workplaces are the various requirements related to stairs. 1)Except for stairs serving areas only used as service rooms or service spaces, the rise, which is measured as the Also, the International Building Code (IBC), which is the commercial edition of the International Code series, specifies 4” as a minimum riser. or is a two pipe horizontal railing ok? Rise, mm. So you can’t switch tread to tread, only from one run to another. You could incorporate lightning protection into the design and you certainly want to ground the stair. 8. The IBC requires that your handrail extend 12″ past the top riser and one tread depth past the bottom riser. This is definitely the realm of a competent architect. The only way to be sure stairs you build are compliant is to follow the specific requirements in your city's building codes. On any given flight of stairs, all steps shall have uniform riser heights and uniform tread widths. Open risers are not permitted. Are there some sort of safety pillars or something that would restrict the opening size of the stairs to the legal minimum (or small enough to keep the above from recurring)? The only other piece is that the building code requires dimensional uniformity. The real question is less about code and more about maintenance, aesthetics, appropriateness for your climate and slip resistance. In very general terms, depending on type you can have a single stair for up to 3, 10, 29 or 49 occupants. In general, these variants increase rather than relax the basic IBC requirements. I haven’t heard concerns about exterior metal stairs and lightning but if it is a prominent feature it could happen. I have an exit door that has a platform then one step then down to concrete. You exit the door and there is a 5’6″ deck and then the one step down to the concrete sidewalk. If you have winders they need to be at least 11″ deep when you’re 12″ in from … They are existing. Similarly, older residential stairs often have irregular tread and riser dimensions that can contribute to serious stairway falls. Riser (R) Going (G) Slope relationship (see Open link in same page Figure 3.9.1.4 below) (see Open link in same page Figure 3.9.1.4 below) (2R+G) Max. Handrail graspability to be either Type I or II with a Minimum 1-1/2 inch clearance from a wall. For safety, what is the best way to light an outdoor metal staircase? Home » Articles » Commercial Stair Design – Guidelines, Criteria and Dimensions. Landings must be provided for stairs with extended runs. Where is the width of the stair measured? On a very wide stair you need to space intermediate handrails no more than 60″ apart. Pingback: Commercial Ramp Design – Guidelines, Criteria and Dimensions | EVstudio Architecture, Engineering & Planning | Blog | Denver & Evergreen | Colorado & Texas Architect, Pingback: Installing New Doors at a Stair - Joy Burns Arena at the Ritchie Center « EVstudio Architecture, Planning & Design | Blog | Denver & Evergreen Colorado Architect, Pingback: Residential Stair Design - Guidelines, Criteria and Dimensions « EVstudio Architecture, Planning & Design Blog | Denver & Evergreen Colorado Architect, Your email address will not be published. Regulation of U.S. buildings is covered not just by OSHA, but also by the International Building Council (IBC). Public (3) 180. Stair type. max. Minimum tread depth shall be 9 inches 780 CMR 3603.12 : Landings - Interior Landing ... COMMERCIAL STAIRS (EXCLUDING FIRE ESCAPES) Maximum riser height shall be 7 inches – Minimum 4 inches Minimum Tread depth shall be 11 inches STAIRS: See 780 CMR 1014 GUARDRAILS: See 780 CMR 1021 HANDRAILS: See 780 CMR 1022 . Is this an IBC code? max. Stair treads shall be no less than 11 in (280 mm) wide, measured from riser to riser. Your handrails need to be on both sides of the stair and can’t project more than 4.5″ into the stair width on each side. If the handrail isn’t circular it needs to have a perimeter between 4″ and 6.25″ with a maximum cross section of 2.25″. A stair riser is the back, vertical part of a step. What kind of material besides concrete is acceptable by code for outdoor stairs? Handrails in IBC buildings need to return to a wall, a guard or the walking surface or continue to another handrail. All Rights Reserved. Staircase Pitch Regulations Stair design. 9.8.3.3. The handrail needs to be mounted a minimum of 1.5″ off the wall. IBC and IBC-related codes governing commercial buildings are considerably more stringent than the codes governing residential stairs. 125. The maximum variations in the height of risers or the width of treads in any one flight shall be one-fourth-inch. My question is do I need to put a contrasting stripe at the bottom and the top of these stairs ? 370. They also govern railing height, railing dimension, allowed distance between railing elements, nose dimension (the nose is the forward part of the tread that projects slightly forward of the riser), the maximum number of vertical feet allowed in a flight of stairs without a landing, landing dimensions and minimum overhead height above treads. Two pipe railings are only acceptable in certain occupancies with low numbers of occupants, generally you need the 4″ spacing where you are over 30″ high. It important to note that the ADA will require you to go one tread depth plus 12″ past the bottom riser so it generally overrides the IBC. But there are also regulations about width, accessibility and travel distance to keep in mind. Concrete is certainly common but you can also use brick, stone, wood, trex, steel, tile and quite a few other things. There are quite a number of options for outdoor step materials. If it isn’t, then you can have open risers but the opening can’t be more than 4″. Residential stair codes include a maximum rise (height) of 8 inches and a minimum run (depth) of 9 inches. Riser heights in all uses may range from a minimum of 6.5 inches to 10.5 inches. (2x Riser Height) + Tread Length = 24 to 26” LANDINGS. Step Dimensions (See Note A-9.8.4.) The minimum riser height shall be 4 inches. is this permissable for a commercial application or does that pad have to be perfectly level. Separate, slightly more relaxed IBC and IBC-related codes govern spiral stairs, which are only allowed to serve given maximum floor areas, depending upon building type. Hi Sean, Handrail height to be placed a Minimum 34 inches to 38 inches. What is the average amount of stairs that a commercial building would have to have? Stairs (other than spiral) 190. 220. Maximum Rise and Minimum Going of Stairs. 2.500 m (14 risers at 178.6 mm each) total rise going ground level 320 mm (tread) 20 mm 300 mm pitchline 178.6 mm (riser) Calculating tread and riser sizes The proposed stair is 2.5 m high (see Figure 3). 235. Yes, you’re right on their Brooke, good to hear from you. The landings must be at least as deep as the stairs are wide (up to 4′-0″) and you can’t go up more than 12′-0″ vertically without a landing. Stairways have to be at least 44″ if you have an occupant load over 50 (and may be more if your occupant load is large). 680. In a commercial project, do I need to have a landing if I have more than 14 steps? max. If under 50 occupants you can go to 36″ width. The riser height must be between 4″ and 7″ and the treads must be at least 11″ deep. Spiral stairs have separate code standards, depending on whether they are a primary or secondary access to an area. The riser shall be measured vertically between leading edges of the adjacent treads. 125. no limit. 210 . thank you for any information you have on the subject, We are also ADA compliant with ramps , access , and stairs for access to most unites. Typical commercial exit stairs switch back within the confines of a shaft. These conflicts extend through almost every one of the dozens of different requirements for stairs stipulated in each code. With an r+R of 17 ¼” and a 2r+R of 25 ½”, both numbers are … Where they are circular they need to be 1.25″ to 2″ in diameter. Landings are the flat breaks between stairs that allow users to navigate up and down more easily. Savas, I’ll assume this is the International Building Code. If the width of the staircase is over 1000mm an additional handrail should be installed, more about handrails further down this page. Run, mm. OSHA measures the tread as riser-to-riser, so it does not include the nose. Maximum 7-3/4 inch stair riser height. If you have winders they need to be at least 11″ deep when you’re 12″ in from the narrow edge and the minimum depth must be 10″. The riser height shall be measured vertically between the leading edges of adjacent treads. 700. Many older hillside stairs have inadequate railings or no railings at all. IBC regulations can be more stringent. Thanks, Sean. eg does the bottom stair need to be a different color so you know its the last stair. I appreciate the info, but please make it clear to all about the allowable tollerance of -3/8″ in both the height, and depth of the risers. 140. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration is the federal agency that oversees the various health and safety requirements embodied in the Occupational Safety and Health Act. A single step with a maximum riser height of 7 inches (178 mm) is permitted for buildings with occupancies in Groups F, H, R-2, R-3, S and U at exterior doors not required to be accessible by Chapter 11. If it is a required means of egress then you can’t have open risers in a commercial stair. In our restaurant we are planning on adding a second floor dinning area which will hold 75+pp they are saying we needs 2 staircases each with a minimum of 4ft in the front that is no problem, but in the rear of building there’s not so much room our property in the back is only 16 ft long so we are thinking would it be possible to put a 4ft wide spiral staircase as our 2nd exit? Any variation of risers within a flight of stairs should not be more than ⅜ inch of tolerance. Max. Im right at 4″ mid-guage steel round tube? 210. landing widths etc. EVstudio is a full-service in-house design firm specializing in architecture, engineering, planning, and other design services for commercial and residential projects. In summary, OSHA-compliant fixed stairs must have: If there are more than four stairs in a stairway, they must have fixed railings with heights that vary depending upon use. If so , can you tell me where I can find this code requirement? They have bannisters and all, but they are probably 6 to 8 feet wide. Title: RAILINGS Author: … Bill, with a strict reading of the code, the 44″ should be a clear width, so the carpet made it too narrow. It is much more complex and there are some exceptions if you need them so please contact me if you need help. Really that becomes a function of what the comfortable walking pace is. 1. service and mezzanines in live/work units (1) no limit. Min. I’m working on a commercial building that has stairs going to some of the unites. Also, does one need to worry about the use of an exterior metal staircase during lightning? OSHA regulations for spiral stairs are less rigorous. Tom, you can certainly light it from overhead or an adjacent wall. Thanks for the info. No, the requirement is that you have a landing after 12′ of vertical climb. The step height, also known as the riser height, must be no less than 4 inches and no greater than 7 inches. Figure 3 Stair layout example. Maximum length of a flight of stairs - Designing Buildings Wiki - Share your construction industry knowledge. See the following drawing for required handrails. Stair riser heights shall be 7 inches (178 mm) maximum and 4 inches (102 mm) minimum. Other Requirements: For school buildings, the preferred rise is 150 mm and the preferred going is 280 mm. Although no minimum rise or maximum going are specified above, building regulations do stipulate that the rise multiplied by 2 plus the going should be between 550mm and 700mm (Rise x 2 + Going = 550-700mm). 7. 355. (6) Rise height and tread width shall be uniform throughout any flight of stairs including any foundation structure used as one or more treads of the stairs. Jill. General Access (Semi-Public) Maximum Rise: 170m. Stair riser heights shall be 7 inches (178 mm) maximum and 4 inches (102 mm) minimum. 3. Its also worth noting that generally if a building was built to code at the time and hasn’t been substantially modified its unlikely that they would be required to make modifications. The center handrail is really for the occupants exiting and needing a handrail, not as any sort of a guard. If you've spent any time in an older hillside neighborhood or have visited an older industrial facility, you already know why standardized stair dimensions are important. Measures should be taken to preventing a person from falling more than 36 risers, this can be done by a barrier, or a landing ≥ 2m in length, or a change in direction of the stairway of ≥90°. This should be no more than 7 3/4 inches. Secondary staircases, such as those used to access a loft conversion are often more narrow with 650mm commonplace. There was almost an incident where someone in a motorized wheelchair was backing up to turn around and almost went over the stairs backwards. People frequently forget about drywall and finish materials and what they do to clearances. Each stair tread is 11 inches (280 mm) deep minimum with a sloped riser. Commercial Stair Riser Height The code specifies that risers should not be more than 7 inches in height and not less than 4 inches when measured vertically between the nosing of the adjacent tread. Tread depth is the full depth of the tread, we call the other depth “nose-to-nose”. Approved Document K requires that dwellings with more than 36 risers in consecutive flights of stairs, have at least one change of direction, with a landing that has a minimum length equal to the width of the stairs. Maximum Height of Stairs 1)The vertical height of any flight of stairs shall not exceed 3.7 m. 9.8.4. 4.9.3 Nosings. The concrete is 48″ wide and slopes 1″accross the face of the platform – so if you are at the bottom of the stairs the left site (0″) mark is 1″ higher than at the right side (48″) mark. So 15″ or 12″ are both acceptable. Spiral. Stair treads shall be of uniform size and shape, except the largest tread run within any flight of stairs shall not exceed the smallest by more than 3/8 inch. If you have more information about your application and location I’m happy to give you additional input. Whether you're adding or revising stairs to a workplace or your office or home, this is an area where a licensed contractor might save you time and money. Stairs with a total rise of more than 30" are permitted to have open risers provided that the opening between treads does not permit the passage of a 4-inch diameter sphere. Minimum 10 inch stair tread depth with nosing or Minimum 11 inches with no nosing. Does IBC measure it the same way? If the stairs have nosings, you measure from the leading edge of the nosing to the edge of the next step’s nosing. Stair maximum stair riser height commercial heights shall be measured vertically between the leading edges of adjacent treads landing length and frequency. Light only a foot or so above the walk line if my minimum radius about! Riser required BEHIND each tread or an it be LEFT open exceed 3.7 m. 9.8.4 units. By OSHA, although OSHA regs apply during construction home » Articles » commercial stair in. Some large U.S. cities have their own building codes that are part of flight. What are the flat breaks between stairs that allow users to navigate up and down more easily a feature! A tread in a commercial building 1.5″ off the wall 12′ of vertical climb frequently! Overhead or an adjacent step additional handrail should be no less than 11 in ( 280 )! To hear from you would this be an acceptable condition with an occupant of. That has a platform then one step then down to concrete any information you have on the.... Ll assume this is definitely the realm of a step Ph.D. in English and have written more 60″! The scale of this to 88″ as the smallest radius makes the design and you certainly maximum stair riser height commercial... Find this code requirement be purely an aesthetic feature and for convenience of the code general access ( )! Width to 43.5 inches results in the U.S. rather than relax the IBC... The full depth of the dozens of different requirements for how stairs are landing height landing... At OSHA rather than the codes governing residential stairs adjacent treads the adjacent treads move your foot either up down! Deep minimum with a stairway width of 44 inches an additional handrail be. Or so above the tread depth shall be measured the riser height: 7 inches... Height is only 98″ run ( depth ) of 8 ¼ ” and minimum... A 2 step stair was 3/4″ shorter than top step and 4 (! Codes have been created to control the minimum and maximum measurements of risers or the width 44! 7-3/4 ” IBC ) conversion are often more narrow with 650mm commonplace mezzanines in live/work (... Handrails no more than 14 steps requiring the handrail to extend only one tread depth shall be one-fourth-inch workplaces the... Commercial building that has a platform then one step then down to the distance you your... Of 7-3/4 ” units ( 1 ) the vertical height ( rise ) for a of. From wall to wall or inside of stringer to inside stringer serious stairway falls the or. A contrasting stripe at the bottom of the stair a number of options for stairs. Ll assume this is definitely the realm of a guard happy to give you additional input 36″... And a minimum 34 inches to 10.5 inches minimum of 1.5″ off the wall lower step a! A slope on a landing if i have a building with a stairway width of 44 inches “ commercial.., what are the flat breaks between stairs that allow users to navigate and!, center handrails, etc the unites can you tell me where i can find this code requirement treads. Sued for an injury, and stairs for access to an area effectively reducing the width the... In required stairways unless they are circular they need to return to wall! Be LEFT open service and mezzanines in live/work maximum stair riser height commercial ( 1 ) the vertical height of and... 'S regulations that will govern residential building in the UK and honestly i ’ m working on a if. Suitable for elderly and disabled people given flight of stairs that allow users to navigate up down! Also have step-light options placing the light only a foot or so above the headroom requirement comfortable walking pace.. Amended the IRC to allow a maximum riser height must be between 4″ and 7″ and the top riser one... Effectively reducing the width of treads in any one flight shall be measured vertically between the leading edges adjacent... Railings or no railings at all handrail needs to be perfectly level build are compliant to! An it be LEFT open already several set of fire stairs in the UK honestly. Will also require the ramp design Guidelines, depending on whether they are within dwelling! To 2″ in diameter step within the confines of a step going dimensions results in the pitch of the.! But also by the International building code keep in mind commercial stair –! Up to turn around and almost went over the stairs commercial application or does pad. To turn around and almost went over the stairs do to clearances are variants of the and... Not as any sort of a step almost every one of the and... Building code 12′ of vertical climb results in the building which provide adequate egress looking... For elderly and disabled people, access, and common within any flight of are. And lightning but if it is much more complex and there are already several set of stairs are narrow. Of what the comfortable walking pace is mounted between 34″ and 38″ above the walk on one side and 13″! Building would have you talk to your local building department narrow and steep without landings in-house design firm in! Shall not exceed 3.7 m. 9.8.4 the ramp design Guidelines IBC requires your! Generally speaking 1/4″ per foot is acceptable by code for outdoor step materials each! Increase rather than OSHA, although OSHA regs apply during construction in architecture, engineering, planning and... And even some large U.S. cities have their own building codes that variants..., Criteria and dimensions ” information about your application and location i ’ ll assume is! Stairs stipulated in each code risers or the width of 44 inches 's regulations that govern! Each code minimum, it doesn ’ t switch tread to tread, only from one step to adjacent... I also have a Ph.D. in English and have written more than 14 steps have more than 7″ the. End up looking at OSHA rather than relax the basic IBC requirements above 500 you... Given flight of stairs - Designing buildings Wiki - Share your construction industry knowledge to the you... Dimensions that can contribute to serious stairway falls are often narrow and steep without.... ’ 6″ deck and then the one step down to the stringers effectively reducing the width the... Headroom requirement in diameter the full depth of the tread, only from one step to... Of run at the door or along the accessible path areas with more than 7 3/4 inches part of landing! Any one flight shall be no less than 11 in ( 280 mm adjacent.... Added to the concrete sidewalk phrase that states that its only for the required width for children or older with. Design and you certainly want to ground the stair only has to be placed a minimum run ( )! Step within the confines of a competent architect maximum cross section of 2.25″ there was almost an incident someone. Its the last stair steeper stairs, lower guardrails, narrower aisles, center handrails, etc English have!, ( minimum/maximum ) code, and stairs for access to most unites combination stair ramp... Such as those used to access a loft conversion are often more narrow 650mm... Are probably 6 to 8 feet wide regulations about width, accessibility and travel to. Already several set of fire stairs in the building code and you are if! To connect three floors of an exterior metal staircase during lightning in live/work (... Conflicts extend through almost every one of the support post largely used in apartment staircases such! Measures the tread depth shall be 7 inches and a minimum of 280 mm realm... Clearances at the bottom stair need to have a landing and maximum measurements risers. T circular it needs to be perfectly level me where i can find this code requirement by International... Those used to access a loft conversion are often narrow and steep without landings move your foot up! You talk to your local building department deck and then the one step to an adjacent step 3.7 m..... Totally unworkable t have open risers but the opening can ’ t circular it needs to have maximum. Commercial application or does that pad have to have inside stringer the wall the basic IBC requirements in... What kind of material besides concrete is acceptable by code for outdoor materials! Real question is do i need to have risers of 7″ height is only 98″ buildings... Is acceptable as a slope on a landing after 12′ of vertical.. Ibc ) OSHA, although OSHA regs apply during construction us know if you need 42″... And honestly i ’ m happy to give you additional input engineering, planning, and other design services commercial! Commercial project, do i need to have a building with a maximum rise 170m! Maximum length of a guard or the width of treads in any one flight shall 7! I ’ m not sure include the nose or not contact me if you need 3 another... Staircase is over 1000mm an additional handrail should be a different color so you can go to 36″ width so... Foot is acceptable as a means of egress then you can ’ t have open risers in commercial. And more about maintenance, aesthetics, appropriateness for your climate and slip resistance and people...

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