New Mexico is home to several baseball teams of the Pecos League: the Roswell Invaders, Ruidoso Osos, Santa Fe Fuego and the White Sands Pupfish. State tax policy results in low to moderate taxation of resident personal income compared to most U.S. states, with special consideration for military personnel, and gives tax credits and exemptions to favorable industries. The Duke City Gladiators of the Indoor Football League (IFL) plays their home games at Tingley Coliseum in Albuquerque. Following the victory of the United States in the Mexican–American War (1846–48), under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848, Mexico ceded its northern holdings including the territories of California, Texas, and New Mexico, to the United States of America. [49], A major oil discovery in 1928 brought wealth to the state, especially Lea County and the town of Hobbs. No major league professional sports teams are based in New Mexico, but the Albuquerque Isotopes are a Pacific Coast League Triple-A baseball affiliate of the MLB Colorado Rockies. [154], Current Governor Michelle Lujan Grisham (D) and Lieutenant Governor Howie Morales (D) were first elected in 2018. [13] These indigenous, Hispanic, Mexican, Latin, and American frontier roots are reflected in the eponymous New Mexican cuisine and the New Mexico music genre. “New Mexico’s Permian Basin has a 50-year supply of oil,” said Aubrey Dunn, the state land commissioner. [131] Notable bridges include the Rio Grande Gorge Bridge near Taos. [150][153], The Constitution of New Mexico established New Mexico's governmental structure. In December 2013, the New Mexico Supreme Court issued a unanimous ruling directing all county clerks to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples, thereby making New Mexico the 17th state to recognize same-sex marriage at the statewide level. Located in a collapsed lave tube, the Bandera Ice Cave’s temperature never rises above freezing. of civil government with the principles of Christianity. 1. We have reviews of the best places to see in New Mexico. [134], There were 2,354 route miles of railroads in the year 2000; this number increased with the opening of the Rail Runner's extension to Santa Fe. Blue Hole, an 81-foot deep natural artesian spring in Santa Rosa, is a favorite location for scuba divers. [184], Silver City, in the southwestern mountains of the state, was originally a mining town, and at least one nearby mine still operates. Terms for both the governor and lieutenant governor expire in January 2023. [81] Others, such as Juan Perea, claim that the state was officially bilingual until 1953. Though the name "Mexico" itself derives from Nahuatl, and in that language it originally referred to the heartland of the Empire of the Mexicas (Aztec Empire) in the Valley of Mexico far from the area of New Mexico, Spanish explorers also used the term "Mexico" to name the region of New Mexico (Nuevo México in Spanish) in 1563. On May 22, 1957, a B-36 accidentally dropped a nuclear bomb 4.5 miles from the control tower while landing at Kirtland Air Force Base. some descendants of Spanish conquistadors still speak a form of 16th century Spanish used nowhere else in the world This rate was higher than any other state in the Union. [137] The first railroads incorporated in 1869. feet above sea level, making the bottom an equivalent of nearly 100 feet of depth in the ocean. [152] Virgin Galactic, a space tourism company, plans to make this their primary operating base. This autonomy was threatened, however, by the centralizing tendencies of the Mexican government from the 1830s onward, with rising tensions eventually leading to the Revolt of 1837. Of course, Santa Fe will be on this list. moved in the state. Mexican War and New Mexico became a U.S. territory. New Mexico's Ethnic Roots: Spanish 24%, Mexican 18.1%, German 9.9%, Native American 9.5%, English 7.6%. The original state constitution of 1912 provided for a bilingual government with laws being published in both English and Spanish;[80] this requirement was renewed twice, in 1931 and 1943. The Apache and some Ute live on federal reservations within the state. This means individuals on New Mexico's Death Row can still be executed. The world's first Atomic Bomb was detonated on July 16, 1945 on the White Sands Testing Range near Alamogordo. There is also the Festival Flamenco Internacional de Alburquerque held each year in which native Spanish and New Mexican flamenco dancers perform at the University of New Mexico. The most important of New Mexico's rivers are the Rio Grande, Pecos, Canadian, San Juan, and Gila. The University of New Mexico (UNM; Spanish: Universidad de Nuevo México) is a public research university in Albuquerque, New Mexico.Founded in 1889, UNM offers bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degree programs. Missionaries built missions to teach the Indians Spanish culture [citation needed]. The Llano Estacado (or Shortgrass Prairie) in the eastern part of the state is characterized by sod-forming short grasses such as blue grama, and it used to sustain bison. A three-judge panel overturned as unconstitutional New Mexico's provisions that Indians who did not pay taxes (and could not document if they had paid taxes) could not vote. Whitewater Canyon served as a sanctuary for what Indian Chief Geronimo and a hideout for Butch Cassidy and the Wild This classification covers people of very different cultures and histories, including descendants of Spanish colonists with deep roots in the region, and recent immigrants from a variety of nations in Latin America, each with their own cultures. [140] Rail Runner operates scheduled service seven days per week.[141]. Interstate 10 travels in the southwest portion of New Mexico starting from the Arizona stateline near Lordsburg to the area in between Las Cruces and Anthony, near El Paso, Texas. MEXICO CITY (Reuters) - Among the new cardinals formally installed by Pope Francis on Saturday is an outspoken Mexican cleric who has spent decades ministering to … [189], The widely acclaimed TV show Breaking Bad and its spin-off Better Call Saul were both set and filmed in and around Albuquerque.[190]. [dubious – discuss] New Mexico dropped its claims to the Permian in a bid to gain statehood in 1911. '", "It is our duty still to endeavor to avoid war; but if it shall actually take place, no matter by whom brought There are quirky sides to the state, as well, such as the famed city of UFO sightings and possible landings, Roswell. The Colorado Plateau in the northwest corner of New Mexico is high desert with cold winters, and is characterized by sagebrush, shadescale, greasewood, and other plants adapted to the saline and seleniferous soil. New Mexico is indeed "The Land of Enchantment," but it's so much more: Route 66, White Sands, Sante Fe and even a geothermal spa. And to the same Divine Author of every good and perfect gift [James 1:17] we are indebted for all The two groups struggled for power and the future of the territory. In 1680, the Indians massacred hundreds of Spaniards and forced the rest back to Mexico. Hatch is the best-known source, and it’s a region and a brand, not a specific type. New Mexico is currently the second most dependent tax dollar state.[109]. Here are 18 Fun Facts About Albuquerque, New Mexico. Early transcontinental auto trails later crossed the state bringing more migrants. In 2010, New Mexico's gross domestic product was $80 billion, and an estimated $85 billion for 2013. [58] This is compared with 21.0% of the nation as a whole according to United States Census Bureau 2014 American Community Survey estimates. [96] During the late-2000s recession, New Mexico's unemployment rate peaked at 8.0% for the period June–October 2010. The New Mexican flag features the state's Spanish origins with the same scarlet and gold coloration as Spain's Cross of Burgundy, along with the ancient sun symbol of the Zia, a Puebloan tribe. The route was called El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro.[125]. Albuquerque is known for its Native American and southwestern heritage. The earliest New Mexico artists whose work survives today are the Mimbres Indians, whose black and white pottery could be mistaken for modern art, except for the fact that it was produced before 1130 CE. It eventually reached El Paso, Texas in 1881 and with the Southern Pacific Railroad created the nation's second transcontinental railroad with a junction at Deming. New Mexico is known for cattle ranching, oil drilling, and minerals. The New Mexico Rail Runner Express is a commuter rail system serving the metropolitan area of Albuquerque, New Mexico. Mexico means 'place where Mexitli lives." Note: Births in table do not add up, because Hispanics are counted both by their ethnicity and by their race, giving a higher overall number. [192], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}34°24′26″N 106°06′45″W / 34.4071°N 106.1126°W / 34.4071; -106.1126 (State of New Mexico), This article is about the State of New Mexico. Performing arts include the renowned Santa Fe Opera which presents five operas in repertory each July to August, the Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival held each summer, and the restored Lensic Theater a principal venue for many kinds of performances. New Mexico has two designated State Vegetables - Chile and frijoles. This town is full of alien-themed shops, museums, and more, making it a fun destination for visitors. leading industries. They speak New Mexican Spanish or English at home. [136][142][143] Resurrection of passenger rail service from Denver to El Paso, a route once plied in part by the ATSF's El Pasoan,[143]:37 has been proposed over the years. Narrow gauge railroads once connected many communities in the northern part of the state, from Farmington to Santa Fe. Among the more notable authors were: Angélico Chávez, Nina Otero-Warren, Fabiola Cabeza de Baca, Aurelio Espinosa, Cleofas Jaramillo, Juan Bautista Rael, and Aurora Lucero-White Lea. [54] Both residents and businesses moved to the state; some northerners came at first for the mild winters; others for retirement. In the late 19th century, the majority of officially European-descended residents in New Mexico were ethnic Mexicans, many of whom had deep roots in the area from early Spanish colonial times. Railroads were later supplemented or replaced by a system of highways and airports. The Anglo-Americans tended to have more ties to the territorial governor and judges, who were appointed by officials out of the region. Other constitutional officers, all of whose terms also expire in January 2023, include Secretary of State Maggie Toulouse Oliver (D),[155] Attorney General Hector Balderas (D),[156] State Auditor Brian Colón (D),[157] State Land Commissioner Stephanie Garcia Richard (D),[158] and State Treasurer Tim Eichenberg (D).[159]. New Mexico has only three Interstate Highways. [37]:36–37 The same year, he founded the San Juan de los Caballeros (modern Española, New Mexico) capital at San Gabriel de Yungue-Ouinge (near modern Ohkay Owingeh, New Mexico), the first permanent European settlement in New Mexico,[39] on the Rio Grande near Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo. New Mexico residents and visitors alike can enjoy performing art from around the world at Popejoy Hall on the campus of the University of New Mexico. The western border with Arizona runs along the 109° 03'W longitude. In the late 20th century, Native Americans were authorized by federal law to establish gaming casinos on their reservations under certain conditions, in states which had authorized such gaming. Rural and intercity public transportation by road is provided by Americanos USA, LLC, Greyhound Lines and several government operators. Soon settlers began migrating north from Mexico. The Sangre de Cristo Mountains, the southernmost part of the Rocky Mountains, run roughly north–south along the east side of the Rio Grande in the rugged, pastoral north. [58], Of the people residing in New Mexico 51.4% were born there; 37.9% were born in another state; 1.1% were born in Puerto Rico, U.S. Island areas, or abroad to American parent(s); and 9.7% were foreign born. [91] State government has an elaborate system of tax credits and technical assistance to promote job growth and business investment, especially in new technologies. People still live in some of its 900 year old buildings. Bills, Garland D., and Neddy A. Vigil. Art is also a frequent theme in Albuquerque, New Mexico's largest city. Before statehood, the name "New Mexico" applied to various configurations of a former U.S. New Mexico Territory and, even prior to its former Mexican territorial status, a former provincial kingdom of New Spain called Nuevo México, all in the same general area, but of varying extensions. [45] It included most of the present-day states of Arizona and New Mexico, and part of Colorado. The governor appoints a cabinet who lead agencies statutorily designated under their jurisdiction. [82][84] In public education, the state has the constitutional obligation to provide bilingual education and Spanish-speaking instructors in school districts where the majority of students are Hispanophone. New Mexico's strong Spanish, Native American, and Wild West frontier motifs have provided material for many authors in the state, including internationally recognized Rudolfo Anaya and Tony Hillerman. Santa Fe, the oldest capital city in the United States, was founded in 1610. The section of the line running south to Belen is served less frequently. The population of Carlsbad is around 26 thousand. Another transcontinental railroad was completed by the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. The average annual temperatures can range from 65 °F (18 °C) in the southeast to below 40 °F (4 °C) in the northern mountains. Also 10-15% of the population, mainly in the north, may contain Hispanic Jewish ancestry. Santa Fe: Museum of New Mexico Press, 2003. The mountainous Mogollon Plateau in the west-central of the state and southern Rocky Mountains in the north-central, have a wide range in elevation (4,000 to 13,000 ft or 1,200 to 4,000 m), with vegetation types corresponding to elevation gradients, such as piñon-juniper woodlands near the base, through evergreen conifers, spruce-fir and aspen forests, Krummholz, and alpine tundra. At the conclusion of the Mexican–American War in 1848, the United States annexed New Mexico as the U.S. New Mexico Territory. Because of this, its film industry has grown and contributed $1.23 billion to its overall economy. [34], In January 2016, New Mexico sued the United States Environmental Protection Agency over negligence after the 2015 Gold King Mine waste water spill. This is — after all — the land of wine and chile, of ski slopes and sand dunes, of Indigenous tradition and cowboy culture. New Mexico currently has 15 United States Highways. New Mexico holds strong to its Spanish heritage. Old Town is the cultural center of Albuquerque with its charming shops and abundance of dining options. There is also local government, consisting of counties, municipalities and special districts. Please do further research before planning a visit to any of them—these are not museums but sovereign nations with citizens living and working there. ", "Your net worth to the world is usually determined by what remains after your bad habits are subtracted from your [136]:110 No fewer than 100 railroads of various names and lineage have operated in the jurisdiction at some point. New Mexico has received large amounts of federal government spending on major military and research institutions in the state. [126] All with termini in Northern New Mexico, the Camino Real, the Santa Fe Trail and the Old Spanish Trail are all recognized as National Historic Trails. The future of the incentives are based on job creation peoples were the... 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